Week 8: working on your review
Google Meet link
From last week, worthy to revisit today:
- This google slide set about the research article.
- Keep a a running grid on your reading. Copy this google doc to your drive. Reading IS essential to writing. Again, this is part of my case for labor grades. ABT statement is previewed here.
Beginnings. The first two to- four short paragraphs are a cognitive wedge or on-ramp to your knowledge points (three to four key take-aways that you elect to share and elaborate).
Today, we talk about capturing the context in an ABT statement which stands for And-But-Therefore work, from wild man/ocean scientist-turned-filmaker/author Randy Olson. This statement sets the stage for your review and will appear within the first three paragraphs.
We will use the ABT -- AND, BUT, THEREFORE pattern to write a problem statement. Here are some examples:
- Abortion is a complex moral decision that is against some peoples' value systems. (and) Abortion is a legal gynecologic procedure. (but) Some Ob-Gyn practitioners are opposed, personally, to abortion. (therefore)
- I want to explore what requirements or exceptions are afforded to medical students in their training (first person use of meta discourse) OR
- Mozafari and Shea address this problem in their recent research article. Let's look at their findings.
- Climate change is occurring and scientists see health effects due to these global changes in temperature, moisture, and seasonal weather conditions. But few public health systems in equatorial regions can cope now with existing patient needs. Therefore,
- I will look at the ability of charitable organizations to fill in some of the gaps, with a focus on vaccination plans for possible prevention of ZIKA virus spread prevention. OR
- Mozafari and Shea's 2018 work looks at this inquiry. Let's turn to their methods section in. . .
- Most people equate "people of color" as primarily focused on Black people. (and). Many but not all Latinx people identify as people of color, typically as Brown. However (another word for saying "but"), most health disparity research focuses on Black populations. Therefore,
- I will look at cases where "Brown" sub populations are identified in a public health index (I will look at workplace risk, perhaps farm workers).
- a deep dive into Mozafari and Shea's work here on self identification of patient ethnicity. . .
- In the US, the three often named faith groups are Christian, Jewish, and Islam. (and) Other faith groups exists, too, including traditional Asian communities (Zen Buddhism, Japanese Shintoism, etc.). Yet (like 'but") few nursing programs prepare their graduates for these patients. Therefore,
- I will look at three or four belief systems not represented and describe their death and dying practices. OR
- Mozafari and Shea write about this cultural competence challenge in a 2008 paper. . .
See how these patterns can help you in the cognitive wedge portion of the document? And, the knowledge is a set-up or transition to the paper or to the ethos paragraphs.
Listen to the origin story of ABT patterns. Includes a huge hat tip to the creators of South Park. And, the presenter uses the FUDGE word loudly at the beginning. Caution.
Let's look at ABT statements from a 2016 environmental sciences workshop hosted by Randy Olson. More on Olson's narrative work by UMS environmental scientist William Dennison, in an illustrated book review.
Two additional resources for the review paper:
- Seven Beginnings from the Cain Project, hosted by Rice University
- Academic Phrase/Language bank from Manchester University.
Articles have beginnings, middles, and ends. Think Lemon-shaped (variation is pear). Interestingly, beginnings and ends have similarlties. We have a number of options; look at these seven strategies for openings.
Let's talk a bit about nuance in science findings, with a focus on relative risk, rate of coverage in a given area, and ways to think about vacinating children (five-11). We can also talk a bit about trade-offs, personal risk assessment (we are notoriously bad at this!).
For Friday, have a sense of three or four points. And, think on what shape your review will be.
- lemon-shaped document
- pear-shaped document
Let's look at this recent article in PloS One about writing scientific prose. In Science, two scientists talk about how they read articles. Ruben writes with a somewhat lighthearted approach while Pain responds to his piece with her approach. Read the comments.
We will talk about what type of article you have: research article, literature review, meta-analysis, proof, proof-of-concept, specialized application, method, opinion or memoir.
Here is the "bible" of writing (and reading) scientific prose: Mayfield. Now, let's look/review at the basic parts of the IMRAD article using this guide.
As promised, a flow-diagram to help you.
Why three or four take-aways? HINT: thinking in patterns of three, four, and seven will help you study in other classes. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121128093930.htm
Spitballing on the CAIN seven openings:
- Tell a short story/be visual and clear about characters and actions.
- Use a current event.
- Capture the size of the problem (very large but sometimes very small works too)
- Open with huge social problem, perhaps a wicked problem.
- Use a smaller question to open a document.
- Quote a respected thinking, related to your problem/research question.
- Use statistics (related to number 3)
Flow chart for your article review document
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